Len Bass

Software Engineering Institute

Publications by Len Bass

Software Architecture in Practice, 4th Edition

August 03, 2021 • Book

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Rick Kazman

Software Architecture in Practice, 4th Edition, explains what software architecture is, why it's important, and how to design, analyze, evolve, and manage it.
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Understanding Blockchains

May 07, 2019 • Presentation

Len Bass (Carnegie Mellon University)

This presentation covers blockchain networks and platforms, contract variants, and aspects of cryptography such as zero-knowledge proofs and quadratic span programs.
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DevOps: A Software Architect's Perspective

May 18, 2015 • Book

Len Bass Ingo Weber (National ICT Australia)Liming Zhu (National ICT Australia)

DevOps promises to accelerate release of new software features and improve monitoring of systems in production, but its implications for architecture are often ignored.
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Software Architecture in Practice, 3rd Edition

September 25, 2012 • Book

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Rick Kazman

If you design, develop, or manage large software systems (or plan to do so), you will find "Software Architecture in Practice, Third Edition" to be a valuable resource for getting up to speed on the state of the art.
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Results of SEI Line-Funded Exploratory New Starts Projects

August 01, 2012 • Technical Report

Len Bass Rick Kazman Edwin J. Morris

This report describes the line-funded exploratory new starts (LENS) projects that were undertaken during fiscal year 2011. For each project, the report presents a brief description and a recounting of the research that was done, as well as a synopsis of the results of the project.
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Evaluating a Partial Architecture in a ULS Context

May 13, 2011 • Presentation

Len Bass James Ivers Rick Kazman

This presentation from SATURN 2011 discusses the application of architectural principles to analyzing an architectural landscape.
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Architecture Evaluation without an Architecture: Experience with the Smart Grid

April 30, 2011 • White Paper

Rick Kazman Len Bass James Ivers

This paper describes an analysis of some of the challenges facing one portion of the Electrical Smart Grid in the United States - residential Demand Response (DR) systems.
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Documenting Software Architectures: Views and Beyond, 2nd Edition

October 05, 2010 • Book

Paul C. Clements Felix Bachmann Len Bass

This book provides the most complete and current guidance on how to capture a software architecture in a commonly understandable form.
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Speculations on Coordination Models

August 25, 2010 • Presentation

Len Bass

Len Bass's keynote presentation from ICGSE 2010 talks about the structure of coordination models, especially after development has begun.
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Relating Business Goals to Architecturally Significant Requirements for Software Systems

May 01, 2010 • Technical Note

Paul C. Clements Len Bass

The purpose of this report is to facilitate better elicitation of high-pedigree quality attribute requirements. Toward this end, we want to be able to elicit business goals reliably and understand how those business goals influence quality attribute requirements and architectures.
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Designing Software Architecture to Achieve Business Goals

March 12, 2010 • Presentation

Len Bass

Designing Software Architecture to Achieve Business Goals: a presentation by Len Bass given to the Academy for Software Engineering Education and Training on March 12, 2010.
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The Importance of Software Architecture in the Acquisition Process

February 02, 2010 • Presentation

Len Bass

This presentation argues that the acquisition process must pay attention to software architectural issues during concept formulation, contract preparation, and after being awarded.
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Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects (FY 2009)

December 01, 2009 • Technical Report

Len Bass Lutz Wrage Paul C. Clements

In this report, the authors describe the SEI independent research and development (IRAD) projects conducted during fiscal year 2009.
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Proceedings of the Workshop on Software Engineering Foundations for End-User Programming (SEEUP 2009)

November 01, 2009 • Special Report

Len Bass Grace Lewis Brad Myers

This report presents the papers that were given at SEEUP 2009, held at the 31st ICSE in Vancouver, British Columbia on May 23, 2009.
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Exploring the Architecture of Ultra-Large-Scale Systems

October 05, 2009 • Presentation

Len Bass

Exploring the Architecture of Ultra-Large-Scale Systems presentation given by SEI staffer Len Bass
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Integrating Quality-attribute Reasoning Frameworks in the ArchE Design Assistant

May 05, 2009 • White Paper

Andres Diaz-Pace Hyunwoo Kim Len Bass

Bachmann et al present their work on a design assistant called ArchE that provides third-party researchers with an infrastructure to integrate their own quality-attribute models.
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A Workshop on Architecture Competence

April 01, 2009 • Technical Note

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Rick Kazman

This report summarizes a June 2008 architecture competence workshop where practitioners discussed key issues in assessing architecture competence in organizations.
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Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects (FY 2007)

July 01, 2008 • Technical Report

Len Bass Lui R. Sha Dennis B. Smith

This report describes the independent research and development (IRAD) projects that were conducted during fiscal year 2007 (October 2006 through September 2007).
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Leadership and Management in Software Architecture

May 01, 2008 • White Paper

Len Bass Brian Berenbach

The workshop on Leadership and Management in Software Architecture that took place at ICSE 2008 was focused on understanding these non-technical duties and the type of support an architect should expect from an organization.
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Models for Evaluating and Improving Architecture Competence

March 01, 2008 • Technical Report

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Rick Kazman

This report outlines the concepts of software architecture competence and describes four models for explaining, measuring, and improving the architecture competence of an individual or a software-producing organization.
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Classifying Architectural Elements as a Foundation for Mechanism Matching

November 01, 2007 • White Paper

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Rick Kazman

This paper presents a set of well known but informally described software architectural elements used in system composition, and taxonomizes them under a basic set of characteristic features.
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Using ArchE in the Classroom: One Experience

September 01, 2007 • Technical Note

John McGregor Felix Bachmann Len Bass

The ArchE (Architecture Expert) tool serves as a software architecture design assistant. This report describes the use of a pre-alpha release of ArchE in a graduate-level software architecture class at Clemson University.
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Modifiability Tactics

September 01, 2007 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Robert Nord

This report describes how architectural tactics are based on the parameters of quality attribute models.
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SEI Software Architecture Workshop for Educators

August 02, 2007 • Presentation

Len Bass Lawrence G. Jones Judith A. Stafford

presented as part of the SEI Software Architecture Workshop for Educators, August 2007
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ArchE - An Architecture Design Assistant

August 02, 2007 • Presentation

Len Bass

The Fourth SEI Software Architecture Workshop for Educators was held at the Software Engineering Institute in Pittsburgh, PA on July 31- August 2, 2007.
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SEI Software Architecture Workshop for Educators (Presentation)

August 02, 2007 • Presentation

Lawrence G. Jones Len Bass Judith A. Stafford

The Fourth SEI Software Architecture Workshop for Educators was held at the Software Engineering Institute in Pittsburgh, PA on July 31- August 2, 2007.
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Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects (FY 2006)

July 01, 2007 • Technical Report

Christopher J. Alberts Eileen C. Forrester Suzanne Garcia-Miller

This report describes the IRAD projects that were conducted during fiscal year 2006 (October 2005 through September 2006).
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SAAM: A Method for Analyzing the Properties of Software Architectures

May 01, 2007 • White Paper

Gregory Abowd Len Bass Rick Kazman

This paper describes three perspectives by which we can understand the description of a software architecture and proposes a five-step method for analyzing software architectures called SAAM (Software Architecture Analysis Method).
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Software Architecture Design with ArchE

March 26, 2007 • Presentation

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Philip Bianco

Felix Bachmann, Lenn Bass, and Philip Bianco present ArchE, a tool that provides the right information at the right time for architect when designing software architecture.
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Attribute-Driven Design (ADD), Version 2.0

November 01, 2006 • Technical Report

Rob Wojcik Felix Bachmann Len Bass

This report revises the steps of the Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) method and offers practical guidelines for carrying out each step.
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Risk Themes Discovered Through Architecture Evaluations

September 01, 2006 • Technical Report

Len Bass Robert Nord William G. Wood

This 2006 report analyzes the output of 18 evaluations conducted using the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis (ATAM). The goal of the analysis was to find patterns in the risk themes identified during those evaluations.
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A Comparison of Requirements Specification Methods from a Software Architecture Perspective

August 01, 2006 • Technical Report

Len Bass John K. Bergey Paul C. Clements

In this report, five methods for the elicitation and expression of requirements are evaluated with respect to their ability to capture architecturally significant requirements.
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Risk Themes from ATAM Data: Preliminary Results

April 26, 2006 • Presentation

Len Bass Robert Nord William G. Wood

In this 2006 presentation, Len Bass, Robert Nord, and William G. Wood of the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) present a preliminary analysis of the results of a collection of ATAMs.
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A Comparison of Requirements Specification Methods from a Software Architecture Perspective (SATURN 2006)

April 25, 2006 • Presentation

Ipek Ozkaya Len Bass John K. Bergey

Ipek Ozkaya talks about an approach developed by Fergus O'Brien that is used to assess how well different requirement specification methods serve an architect's goals and needs.
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Categorizing Business Goals for Software Architectures

December 01, 2005 • Technical Report

Rick Kazman Len Bass

This report provides a categorization of possible business goals for software-intensive systems, so that individuals have some guidance in the elicitation, expression, and documentation of business goals.
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Quality Attributes and Service-Oriented Architectures

September 01, 2005 • Technical Note

Liam O'Brien Len Bass Paulo Merson

This report examines the relationship between service-oriented architectures (SOAs) and quality attributes.
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Elements of a Usability Reasoning Framework

September 01, 2005 • Technical Note

Jinhee Lee Len Bass

This note describes an ARL implementation of two usability scenarios: displaying progress feedback and allowing cancel.
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Proceedings of the First Software Architecture Technology User Network (SATURN) Workshop

September 01, 2005 • Technical Note

Robert Nord Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This report describes the format, discussion, and results of the first SATURN workshop, and outlines the plans for future SATURN workshops.
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Reasoning Frameworks

July 01, 2005 • Technical Report

Len Bass James Ivers Mark H. Klein

This report describes a vehicle for encapsulating the quality attribute knowledge needed to understand a system's quality behavior as a reasoning framework that can be used by nonexperts.
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Security and Survivability Reasoning Frameworks and Architectural Design Tactics

September 01, 2004 • Technical Note

Robert J. Ellison Andrew P. Moore Len Bass

In this report, the authors describe an approach to disciplined software architecture design for the related quality attributes of security and survivability.
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Principles of Architecture Design and Evaluation

January 01, 2004 • Presentation

Len Bass

This presentation on software architecture design and evaluation was delivered by Len Bass of the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) in January 2004.
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Design and Analysis Principles for Software Architecture

January 01, 2004 • Presentation

Len Bass

This presentation on design and analysis principles for software architecture was delivered by Len Bass of the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) in January 2004.
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SEI Independent Research and Development Projects (FY 2003)

September 01, 2003 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Sven Dietrich Peter H. Feiler

This report describes the IR&D projects that were conducted during fiscal year 2003 (October 2002 through September 2003).
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Preliminary Design of ArchE: A Software Architecture Design Assistant

September 01, 2003 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Mark H. Klein

This 2003 report presents a procedure for moving from a set of quality attribute scenarios to an architecture design that satisfies those scenarios.
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Software Architecture in Practice, 2nd Edition

April 09, 2003 • Book

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Rick Kazman

This book provides an easily accessible overview of software architecture. Anyone requiring a comprehensive overview of the software architecture field will benefit from this book.
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Deriving Architectural Tactics: A Step Toward Methodical Architectural Design

March 01, 2003 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Mark H. Klein

This 2003 technical report provides the status on the work being done by the SEI to understand the relationship between quality requirements and architectural design.
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Supporting the CANCEL Command Through Software Architecture

December 01, 2002 • Technical Note

Len Bass Bonnie E. John

This report, published in 2002, details the responsibilities that a system must implement to support command cancellation.
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Illuminating the Fundamental Contributors to Software Architecture Quality

August 01, 2002 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Mark H. Klein

This 2002 report presents the basic concepts of analysis models for two quality attributes-modifiability and performance, identifies a collection of tactics that can be used to control responses within those models, and discusses how to analyze the models in terms of these tactics.
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Documenting Software Architecture: Documenting Interfaces

June 01, 2002 • Technical Note

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This report provides guidance for documenting the interfaces to software elements.
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Documenting Software Architecture: Documenting Behavior

January 01, 2002 • Technical Note

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This report describes ways to document the behavior of systems, subsystems, and components of software architecture.
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Quality Attribute Design Primitives and the Attribute Driven Design Method

October 01, 2001 • White Paper

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Mark H. Klein

This paper discusses the understanding of quality attributes and their application to the design of a software architecture.
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Analyzing Enterprise JavaBeans Systems Using Quality Attribute Design Primitives

October 01, 2001 • Technical Note

Anna Liu Len Bass Mark H. Klein

This report introduces the notion of quality attribute design primitives, which are architectural building blocks that target the achievement of one or sometimes several quality attribute requirements.
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Applicability of General Scenarios to the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method

October 01, 2001 • Technical Report

Len Bass Mark H. Klein Gabriel Moreno

In this report, we compare the scenarios elicited from five ATAM (Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method) evaluations with the scenarios used to characterize the quality attributes.
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Documenting Software Architectures: Organization of Documentation Package

August 01, 2001 • Technical Note

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This comprehensive handbook outlines how to produce high-quality documentation for software architectures.
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Managing Variability in Software Architectures

May 01, 2001 • White Paper

Felix Bachmann Len Bass

This paper presents experience with explicitly managing variability within a software architecture.
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Achieving Usability Through Software Architecture

March 01, 2001 • Technical Report

Len Bass Bonnie E. John Jesse Kates

This paper outlines an approach to improving the usability of software systems by means of software architectural decisions.
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Quality Attribute Design Primitives

December 01, 2000 • Technical Note

Len Bass Mark H. Klein Felix Bachmann

This report addresses mechanisms that significantly affect quality attribute behavior and have sufficient content for analysis.
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An Application of the Architecture-Based Design Method to the Electronic House

October 01, 2000 • Special Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Mark H. Klein

This report elaborates an example of the application of the ABD (Architecture-Based Design) method to designing software architecture.
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Volume II: Technical Concepts of Component-Based Software Engineering, 2nd Edition

May 01, 2000 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Charles Buhman

The objective of this study is to determine whether CBSE has the potential to advance the state of software engineering practice and, if so, whether the SEI can contribute to this advancement.
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Volume I: Market Assessment of Component-Based Software Engineering Assessments

May 01, 2000 • Technical Note

Len Bass Charles Buhman Santiago Comella-Dorda

This 2001 report examines software component technology from a business perspective.
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Software Architecture Documentation in Practice: Documenting Architectural Layers

March 01, 2000 • Special Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Jeromy Carriere

The 2000 report lays out our approach and organization for the book-in-planning titled Software Architecture Documentation in Practice, and provides guidance for the layer diagram.
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Fourth Product Line Practice Workshop Report

February 01, 2000 • Technical Report

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Patrick Donohoe

This report synthesizes the presentations and discussions from the 1999 Product Line Practice Workshop, which described practices and issues associated with tool support for software product lines.
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The Architecture Based Design Method

January 01, 2000 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Gary Chastek

This paper presents the Architecture Based Design (ABD) method for designing the high-level software architecture for a product line or long-lived system.
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Architecture-Based Development

April 01, 1999 • Technical Report

Len Bass Rick Kazman

This report presents a description of architecture-centric system development.
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Third Product Line Practice Workshop Report

March 01, 1999 • Technical Report

Len Bass Grady Campbell Paul C. Clements

This report synthesizes the workshop presentations and discussions, which described product line practices and analyzed issues in the areas of software engineering, technical management, and organizational management.
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Second Product Line Practice Workshop Report

April 01, 1998 • Technical Report

Len Bass Gary Chastek Paul C. Clements

This report synthesizes the presentations and discussions from the Second SEI Product Line Practice Workshop, held in November 1997. Workshop participants identified factors involved in product line practices and analyzed issues in the areas of software engineering, technical management, and enterprise management.
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Product Line Practice Workshop Report

June 01, 1997 • Technical Report

Len Bass Paul C. Clements Sholom G. Cohen

This 1997 report synthesizes the presentations and discussions from the 1996 SEI Product Line Practice Workshop. In this workshop, participants identified factors involved in product line practices and analyzed issues in the areas of architecture, people-organization-management, and business models.
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Recommended Best Industrial Practice for Software Architecture Evaluation

January 13, 1997 • Technical Report

Gregory Abowd Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This report details the results of two workshops on software architecture evaluation, held at the SEI in 1996.
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Scenario-Based Analysis of Software Architecture

November 01, 1996 • White Paper

Gregory Abowd Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This paper presents an experiential case study illustrating the methodological use of scenarios to gain architecture-level understanding and predictive insight into large, real-world systems in various domains.
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An Architectural Analysis Case Study: Internet Information Systems

April 01, 1995 • White Paper

Gregory Abowd Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This paper presents a method for analyzing systems for nonfunctional qualities from the perspective of their software architecture and applies this method to the field of Internet information systems (IISs).
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An Architectural Analysis Case Study:Internet Information Systems

April 01, 1995 • White Paper

Gregory Abowd Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This paper presents a method for analyzing systems for nonfunctional qualities from the perspective of their software architecture and applies this method to the field of Internet information systems (IISs).
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Toward Deriving Software Architectures from Quality Attributes

August 01, 1994 • Technical Report

Rick Kazman Len Bass

This report presents a method for deriving software architectures from a consideration of the non-functional qualities of a system.
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Structural Modeling: An Application Framework and Development Process for Flight Simulators

August 01, 1993 • Technical Report

Gregory Abowd Len Bass Larry Howard

This paper presents the structural modeling approach, an application framework and development process for the construction of flight simulators.
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Developing Software for the User Interface

July 05, 1991 • Book

Len Bass J. Coutaz

This book provides the information needed to design and build user interface (UI) software. The book's goal is to facilitate the development of less costly and more effective UI.
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Human-Machine Interaction Considerations for Interactive Software

February 01, 1989 • Technical Report

Len Bass J. Coutaz

This 1989 document introduces current concepts and techniques relevant to the design and implementation of user interfaces.
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Serpent Runtime Architecture and Dialogue Model

May 01, 1988 • Technical Report

Len Bass Erik Hardy Kurt Hoyt

This 1988 report describes the runtime architecture and dialogue model of the Serpent User Interface Management System (UIMS).
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Introduction to the Serpent User Interface Management System

March 01, 1988 • Technical Report

Len Bass Erik Hardy Kurt Hoyt

This 1988 report provides an overview of Serpent, its components and the editor used to construct the user interface.
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