Robert Nord

Software Engineering Institute

Publications by Robert Nord

Why Architecture Conformance Matters for Software Systems

December 14, 2022 • Presentation

John Klein Robert Nord Forrest Shull

This presentation was presented at the DoD Air & Space Weapon Systems Software Summit: Accelerating DoD Software Engineering to the Speed of Relevance, co-located with the DoD Maintenance Symposium, December 13-14, 2022, in Orlando, Florida.
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Automated Design Conformance during Continuous Integration

November 11, 2022 • Presentation

Robert Nord

This project developed an automated conformance checker prototype that can be used in a continuous integration workflow to detect and report nonconformances within minutes.
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Preview of Automated Design Conformance during Continuous Integration

November 07, 2022 • Video

Robert Nord

This short video provides an introduction to a research topic presented at the SEI Research Review 2022.
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Why Architecture Conformance Matters for Evolvable Systems

July 22, 2022 • Article

John Klein Robert Nord

This paper appears in the July 2022 issue of CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering on pages 19–24.
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Industry's Cry for Tools That Support Large-Scale Refactoring

April 11, 2022 • Conference Paper

James Ivers Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This paper introduces an industry survey that assessed which tools developers use in large-scale refactoring efforts and how well those tools support refactoring.
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Optimization of Software Release Planning Considering Architectural Dependencies, Cost, and Value

April 01, 2022 • Article

Raghvinder Sangwan (Pennsylvania State University)Ashkan Negahban (Pennsylvania State University)Robert Nord

This article describes using design structure and domain mapping matrices to analyze architectural dependencies and proposes a decision-making technique to support release planning.
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Automated Design Conformance During Continuous Integration

November 07, 2021 • Presentation

Robert Nord Lena Pons

The project "Automated Design Conformance during Continuous Integration" to develop a tool that automatically checks that each code commit conforms to its intended architecture.
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Automated Design Conformance During Continuous Integration

November 05, 2021 • Video

Robert Nord

This short video provides an introduction to a research topic presented at the SEI Research Review 2021.
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Rapid Adjudication of Static Analysis Alerts During Continuous Integration

December 15, 2020 • Video

Lori Flynn Robert Nord Hasan Yasar

Progress in research toward the rapid adjudication of static analysis alerts during continuous integration.
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Automated Design Conformance During Continuous Integration

December 15, 2020 • Video

Robert Nord

The project employs code analysis, software architecture knowledge, and ML to automatically extract design as implemented in the code and check conformance.
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Next-Generation Automated Software Evolution Refactoring at Scale

November 30, 2020 • Conference Paper

James Ivers Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This paper describes a vision for creating the next generation of industry-relevant tools for automating software evolution and automated refactoring at scale.
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Automated Design Conformance During Continuous Integration

November 04, 2020 • Presentation

Robert Nord

The project employs code analysis, software architecture knowledge, and ML to automatically extract design as implemented in the code and check conformance.
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Poster - Automated Design Conformance During Continuous Integration

November 04, 2020 • Poster

Robert Nord

The project employs code analysis, software architecture knowledge, and ML to automatically extract design as implemented in the code and check conformance.
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Poster - Untangling the Knot

November 04, 2020 • Poster

Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya James Ivers

This project uses AI techniques to recommend refactorings that can improve the structure of software in significantly less time than it takes to manually refactor.
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Can AI Close the Design-Code Abstraction Gap?

January 27, 2020 • Conference Paper

James Ivers Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This paper argues that the software engineering community can use AI/ML techniques to advance automation in design analysis and to make design improvements.
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Automatically Detecting Technical Debt Discussions

June 24, 2019 • White Paper

Ipek Ozkaya Zachary Kurtz Robert Nord

This study introduces (1) a dataset of expert labels of technical debt in developer comments and (2) a classifier trained on those labels.
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Managing Technical Debt: Reducing Friction in Software Development

April 19, 2019 • Book

Philippe Kruchten (University of British Columbia)Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This book is for every software professional who wants to accelerate innovation in existing systems or build new systems that will be easier to maintain and evolve.
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Managing Technical Debt: A Focus on Automation, Design, and Architecture

March 20, 2019 • Podcast

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

Rod Nord and Ipek Ozkaya discuss the SEI's current work in technical debt including the development of analysis techniques to help software engineers and decision makers manage the effect of technical debt on their software projects.
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Data-Driven Technical Debt Analysis

October 23, 2018 • Poster

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This poster describes research efforts in analyzing data to uncover technical debt.
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The Hard Choices Game Explained

June 26, 2017 • White Paper

Nanette Brown Philippe Kruchten Erin Lim

The Hard Choices game is a simulation of the software development cycle meant to communicate the concepts of uncertainty, risk, and technical debt.
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What to Fix? Distinguishing Between Design and Non-design Rules in Automated Tools

April 07, 2017 • Conference Paper

Neil Ernst Stephany Bellomo Ipek Ozkaya

This paper describes an empirical study using a structured categorization approach to manually classify 466 software quality rules from three industry tools.
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The Relationship Between Design Flaws and Software Vulnerabilities: A Technical Debt Perspective

March 23, 2017 • Presentation

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This presentation explores the relationships between design flaws and software vulnerabilities, and their impact on software assurance and sustainable development and delivery.
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Got Technical Debt? Surfacing Elusive Technical Debt in Issue Trackers

November 28, 2016 • Presentation

Stephany Bellomo Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This presentation on measuring and managing technical debt was given at the 49th CREST Open Workshop Software Architecture and Technical Debt in November 2016.
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Measure It? Manage It? Ignore It? Software Practitioners and Technical Debt

November 28, 2016 • Presentation

Neil Ernst Stephany Bellomo Ipek Ozkaya

This presentation on measuring and managing technical debt was given at the 49th CREST Open Workshop Software Architecture and Technical Debt in November 2016.
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Using Technical Debt to Improve Software Sustainability and Find Software Vulnerabilities

November 01, 2016 • Presentation

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

Introduces analytics use of technical debt
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Got Technical Debt? Surfacing Elusive Technical Debt in Issue Trackers

May 16, 2016 • Conference Paper

Stephany Bellomo Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This paper reports on a study of issues from issue trackers to identify technical debt and present an approach for reporting technical debt in issue trackers.
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Missed Architectural Dependencies: The Elephant in the Room

April 05, 2016 • Conference Paper

Robert Nord Raghvinder Sangwan Julien Delange

This paper presents an in-depth study of a safety-critical system that underwent major changes as a result of missed architectural dependencies.
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Reducing Friction in Software Development

January 04, 2016 • Article

Paris Avgeriou (University of Groningen, The Netherlands)Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord

Getting ahead of the software quality and innovation curve will involve establishing technical-debt management as a core software engineering practice.
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Technical Debt: Why Should You Care?

November 18, 2015 • Presentation

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This presentation explores common fallacies about technical debt and includes possible actions that development teams can take to better manage it.
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Improving Software Sustainability through Data-Driven Technical Debt Management Poster (SEI 2015 Research Review)

October 22, 2015 • Poster

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This work aims to improve sustainment decision making by identifying technical debt indicators and building correlations between them and project measures.
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Improving Software Sustainability Through Data-Driven Technical Debt Management

October 16, 2015 • Presentation

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This work aims to improve sustainment decision making by identifying technical debt indicators and building correlations between them and project measures.
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Toward Simpler, not Simplistic, Quantification of Software Architecture and Metrics: Report on the Second International Workshop on Software Architecture and Metrics

September 24, 2015 • Article

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord Heiko Koziolek (ABB Corporate Research)

This article reports on the Second International Workshop on Software Architecture and Metrics, where participants discussed architecture, measurement, and analysis.
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Measure It? Manage It? Ignore It? Software Practitioners and Technical Debt

August 30, 2015 • Conference Paper

Neil Ernst Stephany Bellomo Ipek Ozkaya

This paper reports on a survey of 1,831 software engineers and architects, and follow-up interviews of seven software engineers, to determine the most important sources of technical debt.
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Enabling Incremental Iterative Development at Scale: Quality Attribute Refinement and Allocation in Practice

June 04, 2015 • Technical Report

Neil Ernst Stephany Bellomo Robert Nord

This report describes industry practices used to develop business capabilities and suggests approaches to enable large-scale iterative development, or agile at scale.
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Evolutionary Improvements of Cross-Cutting Concerns: Performance in Practice

October 30, 2014 • Conference Paper

Stephany Bellomo Neil Ernst Robert Nord

This paper describes two key challenges of incrementally evolving cross-cutting concerns such as performance during incremental software development.
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Toward Design Decisions to Enable Deployability: Empirical Study of Three Projects Reaching for the Continuous Delivery Holy Grail

June 23, 2014 • Conference Paper

Stephany Bellomo Neil Ernst Robert Nord

This paper summarizes three project teams' deployability goals and the architectural decisions they made to enable deployability while practicing continuous delivery.
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Architectural Dependency Analysis to Understand Rework Costs for Safety-Critical Systems

June 05, 2014 • Conference Paper

Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya Raghvinder Sangwan (Pennsylvania State University)

This paper describes the need for a thorough understanding and analysis of architectural dependencies to minimize the cost of testing and technology upgrades.
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Agile in Distress: Architecture to the Rescue

May 30, 2014 • Conference Paper

Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya Philippe Kruchten

For large-scale software-development endeavors, agility is enabled by architecture, and vice versa, and architecture supports high-priority business features.
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Welcome to SAM 2014

April 07, 2014 • Presentation

Paris Avgeriou (University of Groningen, The Netherlands)Heiko Koziolek Robert Nord

This presentation was part of the First International Workshop on Software Architecture Metrics, held at the 11th Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture.
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Technical Debt at the Crossroads of Research and Practice: Report on the Fifth International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt

March 31, 2014 • Article

Davide Falessi (Fraunhofer Center for Experimental Software Engineering)Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord

This article reports on the Fifth International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt, where participants shared emerging practices used in software development organizations.
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How to Agilely Architect an Agile Architecture

February 03, 2014 • Article

Stephany Bellomo Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord

In this article, we present lessons learned about the characteristics of an Agile architecture that enabled an organization to develop its architecture in an Agile manner and continue to rapidly deliver features when more stringent quality attribute requi
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Technical Debt: Towards a Crisper Definition, Report on the 4th International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt

September 30, 2013 • Article

Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This article reports on the Fourth International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt, where participants defined technical debt and the limits of the metaphor.
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Variations on Using Propagation Costs to Measure Architecture Modifiabilty Properties

September 22, 2013 • Conference Paper

Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya Raghvinder Sangwan

Demonstrates how enhancing the propogation metric based on architectural metrics results in enhancements detection of modifiability properties not detectable by the propagation cost metric.
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Understanding the Role of Constraints on Architecturally Significant Requirements

July 16, 2013 • Conference Paper

Neil Ernst Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord

This paper describes a case study conducted to identify architecturally significant requirements that were impacted by tool selection.
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Results of SEI Line-Funded Exploratory New Starts Projects: FY 2012

July 01, 2013 • Technical Report

Bjorn Andersson Lori Flynn David P. Gluch

This report describes line-funded exploratory new starts (LENS) projects that were conducted during fiscal year 2012 (October 2011 through September 2012).
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Integrate End to End Early and Often

July 01, 2013 • Article

Felix Bachmann Luis Carballo Jim McHale

This article discusses using architecture-centric engineering and the Team Software Process to develop software for a new trading engine at the Mexican Stock Exchange.
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Beyond Scrum + XP: Agile Architecture Practice

June 26, 2013 • Article

Ipek Ozkaya Robert Nord Stephany Bellomo

This article highlights several approaches to agile architecture that organizations have applied and provides an in-depth release planning and roadmap planning.
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A Study of Enabling Factors for Rapid Fielding

May 23, 2013 • Conference Paper

Stephany Bellomo Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This paper summarizes the practices that practitioners interviewed from Agile projects found most valuable and provides an overarching scenario for insight into how and why these practices emerge.
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Elaboration on an Integrated Architecture and Requirement Practice

May 21, 2013 • Conference Paper

Stephany Bellomo Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This paper elaborates the practice of prototyping with quality attribute focus to gain a better understanding of how this practice works and what the benefits of the approach are.
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Architecting for Large-Scale Agile Development: A Risk-Driven Approach

May 01, 2013 • Article

Ipek Ozkaya Michael J. Gagliardi Robert Nord

This article focuses on two agile architecting methods that provide rapid feedback on the state of agile team support: architecture-centric risk factors for adoption of agile development at scale and incremental architecture evaluations.
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Technical Debt: From Metaphor to Theory and Practice

November 01, 2012 • White Paper

Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This article discusses the technical debt metaphor and considers it beyond a "rhetorical concept." The article explores the role of decision making about developmental activities and future changes and the evolution that the software needs to undergo.
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Making Architecture Visible to Improve Flow Management in Lean Software Development

October 01, 2012 • Article

Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya Raghvinder Sangwan

This article explains how the flow management concept from lean software development can provide a framework for balancing the allocation of critical architectural tasks to development effort.
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Technical Debt in Software Development: From Metaphor to Theory, Report on the Third International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt

September 28, 2012 • Article

Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This article reports on the Third International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt, where participants considered a research agenda for managing technical debt.
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In Search of a Metric for Managing Architectural Technical Debt

August 01, 2012 • Conference Paper

Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya Philippe Kruchten

This paper describes an architecture-focused and measurement-based approach to developing a metric that will assist in strategically managing technical debt.
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Results of SEI Line-Funded Exploratory New Starts Projects

August 01, 2012 • Technical Report

Len Bass Rick Kazman Edwin J. Morris

This report describes the line-funded exploratory new starts (LENS) projects that were undertaken during fiscal year 2011. For each project, the report presents a brief description and a recounting of the research that was done, as well as a synopsis of the results of the project.
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Architecting for Sustainable Software Delivery

May 31, 2012 • Article

Robert Nord Ronald Koontz (Boeing Company)

This article explains five architecture practices that support the evolving software system and delivery of new capabilities.
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Architecting for Sustainable Software Delivery

May 31, 2012 • Article

Ronald Koontz (Boeing Company)Robert Nord

With increasing emphasis on avionics system rapid development and reduced cycle times, software architecting practices can be applied with agility to enhance evolving stakeholder concerns while sustaining long-term business goals.
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Driving Out Technical Risk by Blending Architecture, Process, and Project Discipline

May 08, 2012 • Presentation

Jim McHale Robert Nord

A presentation from the Architecture and Process track at SATURN 2012, May 7-11, 2012, St Petersburg, FL.
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Architectural Tactics to Support Rapid and Agile Stability

May 01, 2012 • Article

Felix Bachmann Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This article presents three tactics that support rapid and agile stability: aligning feature-based development and system decomposition, creating an architectural runway, and using matrix teams.
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Managing Technical Debt in Software Development: Report on the 2nd International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt

September 30, 2011 • Article

Ipek Ozkaya Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord

This article reports on the Second International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt, where participants discussed current practiced and a research agenda.
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Quantifying the Value of Architecting Within Agile Software Development via Technical Debt Analysis

May 23, 2011 • Presentation

Nanette Brown Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This presentation was part of the Second International Workshop on Managing Technical Debt, held in conjunction with ICSE 2011.
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Using Architecture-Centric Engineering on a TSP Project

May 11, 2011 • Presentation

Luis Carballo Jim McHale Robert Nord

A presentation from SATURN 2011 on architecture-centric engineering and its uses with TSP.
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Analysis and Management of Architectural Dependencies in Iterative Release Planning

April 01, 2011 • Conference Paper

Nanette Brown Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

Authors assert that the ability to quantify architecture quality with measurable criteria provides engineering guidance for iterative release planning.
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Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects (FY 2010)

February 01, 2011 • Technical Report

William Anderson David Fisher David P. Gluch

This report describes results of independent research and development (IRAD) projects undertaken in fiscal year 2010.
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Enabling Agility Through Architecture

December 16, 2010 • White Paper

Nanette Brown Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

Enabling Agility Through Architecture: A Crosstalk article by Nanette Brown, Rod Nord, and Ipek Ozkaya.
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Enabling Agility Through Architecture

December 10, 2010 • Article

Nanette Brown Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This article discusses the important role that architecture plays in effectively applying Agile practices to software development.
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Combining Architecture-Centric Engineering with the Team Software Process

December 01, 2010 • Technical Report

Robert Nord Jim McHale Felix Bachmann

ACE methods and the TSP provides an iterative approach for delivering high quality systems on time and within budget. The combined approach helps organizations that must set an architecture/developer team in motion using mature, disciplined engineering practices that produce quality software quickly.
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Managing Technical Debt in Software-Reliant Systems

November 08, 2010 • Conference Paper

Nanette Brown Robert Nord Ipek Ozkaya

This paper describes how software engineers can manage technical debt based on models of their economic impact.
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Documenting Software Architectures: Views and Beyond, 2nd Edition

October 05, 2010 • Book

Paul C. Clements Felix Bachmann Len Bass

This book provides the most complete and current guidance on how to capture a software architecture in a commonly understandable form.
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TSP Plays the ACE: Using Architecture-Centric Engineering on a TSP Project

September 22, 2010 • Presentation

Luis Carballo (Bursatec)Jim McHale Robert Nord

Presentation given at TSP Symposium on September 21-23, 2010
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A Structured Approach for Reviewing Architecture Documentation

December 01, 2009 • Technical Note

Robert Nord Paul C. Clements David Emery

This technical note proposes a structured approach for reviewing architecture documentation that is centered on the documentation's stakeholders and engages them in a guided manner so as to ensure that the documentation will be ultimately useful to them.
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The Impact of Conducting ATAM Evaluations on Army Programs (SATURN 2009)

April 27, 2009 • Presentation

John K. Bergey Stephen Blanchette, Jr.Mark H. Klein

This presentation describes the results of a study of the impact of software architecture practices conducted with Army programs.
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Impact of Army Architecture Evaluations

April 01, 2009 • Special Report

Robert Nord John K. Bergey Stephen Blanchette, Jr.

This 2009 report describes the results of a study of the impact that the ATAM evaluations and QAWs had on Army programs.
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Results of SEI Independent Research and Development Projects (FY 2008)

December 01, 2008 • Technical Report

Dionisio de Niz Gabriel Moreno Robert Nord

This report describes the independent research and development (IRAD) projects that were conducted during fiscal year 2008 (October 2007 through September 2008).
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Modifiability Tactics

September 01, 2007 • Technical Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Robert Nord

This report describes how architectural tactics are based on the parameters of quality attribute models.
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Attribute-Driven Design (ADD), Version 2.0

November 01, 2006 • Technical Report

Rob Wojcik Felix Bachmann Len Bass

This report revises the steps of the Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) method and offers practical guidelines for carrying out each step.
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Risk Themes Discovered Through Architecture Evaluations

September 01, 2006 • Technical Report

Len Bass Robert Nord William G. Wood

This 2006 report analyzes the output of 18 evaluations conducted using the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis (ATAM). The goal of the analysis was to find patterns in the risk themes identified during those evaluations.
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Proceedings of the Second Software Architecture Technology User Network (SATURN) Workshop

August 01, 2006 • Technical Report

Robert Nord

This report describes the second SATURN workshop format, discussion, and results, as well as plans for future SATURN workshops.
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Risk Themes from ATAM Data: Preliminary Results

April 26, 2006 • Presentation

Len Bass Robert Nord William G. Wood

In this 2006 presentation, Len Bass, Robert Nord, and William G. Wood of the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) present a preliminary analysis of the results of a collection of ATAMs.
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SATURN SEI Software Architecture Technology User Network

April 25, 2006 • Presentation

Robert Nord

Presentation by Robert L. Nord, Technical Staff (SEI) at the Second SEI Software Architecture Technology User Network Workshop (SATURN 2006).
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Architectural Evolution (SATURN 2006)

April 25, 2006 • Presentation

Felix Bachmann Robert Nord

This page contains slides from the Architecture Evolution Working Session that was hosted by Felix Bachmann and Robert Nord at SATURN 2006. This session was meant to convey preliminary ideas for the purpose of getting feedback.
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Proceedings of the First Software Architecture Technology User Network (SATURN) Workshop

September 01, 2005 • Technical Note

Robert Nord Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This report describes the format, discussion, and results of the first SATURN workshop, and outlines the plans for future SATURN workshops.
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Using Architecture-Centric Methods within Plan Driven and Agile Software Development Processes

January 01, 2005 • Presentation

Robert Nord

Presented: January 2005
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Integrating Software-Architecture-Centric Methods into Extreme Programming (XP)

September 01, 2004 • Technical Note

Robert Nord James E. Tomayko Rob Wojcik

The report presents a summary of XP (Extreme Programming) and examines the potential uses of the SEI's architecture-centric methods.
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Integrating the Quality Attribute Workshop (QAW) and the Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) Method

July 01, 2004 • Technical Note

Robert Nord William G. Wood Paul C. Clements

This technical note reports on a proposal to integrate the SEI Quality Attribute Workshop (QAW) and the SEI Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) method.
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Integrating Software-Architecture-Centric Methods into the Rational Unified Process

July 01, 2004 • Technical Report

Rick Kazman Philippe Kruchten Robert Nord

This report presents a summary of the RUP (Rational Unified Process) and examines the potential uses of the SEI's architecture-centric methods.
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Documenting Component and Connector Views with UML 2.0

April 01, 2004 • Technical Report

James Ivers Paul C. Clements David Garlan

This 2004 report explores how changes in UML 2.0 affect UML's suitability for documenting component and connector views.
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Integrating the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM) with the Cost Benefit Analysis Method (CBAM)

December 01, 2003 • Technical Note

Robert Nord Mario R. Barbacci Paul C. Clements

This technical note reports on a proposal to integrate the SEI ATAM (Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method) and the CBAM (Cost Benefit Analysis Method).
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A Life-Cycle View of Architecture Analysis and Design Methods

September 01, 2003 • Technical Note

Rick Kazman Robert Nord Mark H. Klein

This report examines the architecture-centric analysis and design methods that were created at the SEI between 1993 and 2003.
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Documenting Software Architectures in an Agile World

July 01, 2003 • Technical Note

Paul C. Clements James Ivers Reed Little

This report compares the Software Engineering Institute's Views and Beyond approach for documenting software architectures with the documentation philosophy embodied in agile software-development methods.
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Documenting Software Architecture: Documenting Interfaces

June 01, 2002 • Technical Note

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This report provides guidance for documenting the interfaces to software elements.
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Documenting Software Architecture: Documenting Behavior

January 01, 2002 • Technical Note

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This report describes ways to document the behavior of systems, subsystems, and components of software architecture.
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Documenting Software Architectures: Organization of Documentation Package

August 01, 2001 • Technical Note

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Paul C. Clements

This comprehensive handbook outlines how to produce high-quality documentation for software architectures.
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SEI Workshop on Software Architecture Representation, 16-17 January 2001

May 01, 2001 • Special Report

Felix Bachmann Paul C. Clements David Garlan

This report summarizes the discussions from the 2001 Architecture Representation Workshop, where five leading software architects and practitioners were invited to discuss aspects of the architecture representation with senior members of the SEI technical staff.
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Software Architecture Documentation in Practice: Documenting Architectural Layers

March 01, 2000 • Special Report

Felix Bachmann Len Bass Jeromy Carriere

The 2000 report lays out our approach and organization for the book-in-planning titled Software Architecture Documentation in Practice, and provides guidance for the layer diagram.
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